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"Danish Demes"
Lineages and Results of Y-chromosome DNA Testing for a Regional Danish DNA Project
Haplogroup G
Y-DNA
Results
Hub		 Y-DNA Haplogroups Represented in the Project
and Their Frequency (n tested at FTDNA + n tested elsewhere)		 mtDNA
Results
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F (1 + 0) G (2 + 0) I1 (17+ 1) I2 (5 + 0) J2 (1 + 0) R1a (3 + 1) R1b (16 + 0)
Haplogroup G is relatively uncommon in European males (about 2% of the population).  It is believed to have originated in Central Asia, then to have spread to the Middle East and then to have become widespread in Europe during the Neolithic.  The most common subclade among Europeans is G2a, which is found at low frequency among Scandinavians. 

There is a set of G2a modal haplotypes in the Ysearch database (viz., TQYVN, RT3G7, U2WBK, 7HV7Q, HYQVS, YWIHN, and FXYWN) uploaded by Carl-Johan Swärdenheim, founder of the Scandinavian Y-DNA Project at FTDNA.  One of them (viz., TQYVN) is a 16-marker haplotype called the "Security" haplotype because it is intended to be used for deducing Haplogroup G2a when no SNP test been done.  If someone has a genetic distance greater then 3 from the G2a Security haplotype, it is very unlikely that they are Haplogroup G2a. The other six G2a haplotypes at Ysearch are modal for various geographical regions, namely:  central European, southern European, southern Britannic, eastern Britannic, Arabian (Al Quraishi), and Indian (Brahmin).

Three members of Danish Demes are Haplogroup G2a, new by SNP testing and two by deduction.  None has a close match with any of the regional modal haplotypes mentioned above, and two only just match the Security haplotype.  None of the three is closely related to either of the others, so they are shown in three different tables, labeled:

Deme 1 Deme 2 Deme 3
There's no significance to the order in which they are listed, it's simply the order in which they joined the project.
Haplogroup G Subclades as Defined by SNP Mutations
Mutations ISOGG
Clades		 FTDNA
Clades
M201, P257, U2, U3, U6, U7, U12, U17, U20, U21, U23, U33 G G
____ M285, M342 G1 G1
____ P20 G1a G1a
P76 G1b G1b
P287 G2 G2
____ P15, U5 G2a G2a
____ P16 G2a1 G2a1
____ P17, P18 G2a1a G2a1a
M286 G2a2 G2a2
U8 G2a3  
____ U16 G2a3a  
U1 G2a3b  
____ U13 G2a3b1  
M406 G2a3c  
____ L14 / S130 G2a3c1  
S126 G2a3d  
M287 G2b G2b
M377 G2c G2c
____ M283 G2c1  
Mutations in boldface are potentially tested by FTDNA in their Deep Clade-G suite of SNP tests ($79).  Note that they only test the SNPs that are logically necessary for any given individual, which is not a bad thing because it helps keep down the price of determining your subclade.  FTDNA also offers a Misc-G panel that includes L13, L14, M283, and M406 ($109).  EthnoAncestry offers a Haplogroup G SNP package that includes M201, M285, P20, P15, P16, P18, M286, M287, M377, S126, S130, S131, S132, S133, S134, and S135 ($249 — or $199 for returning customers).
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Red labels indicate markers that typically mutate more frequently than those labeled in black. Marker 464 mutates most rapidly of all and sometimes has five to seven counts (a-g), not just four (a-d).
(Empty cells that are darkened indicate tests not ordered.)
Deme 1
Surname Kit # Ysearch
User ID
SNP
Tests		 Haplotype — as determined by STR testing Known Lineage
Markers 1-12 Markers 13-25 Markers 26-37 Markers 38-67
3
9
3		 3
9
0
19
/
3
9
4		 3
9
1		 a
|
3
8
5		 b
|
3
8
5		 4
2
6		 3
8
8		 4
3
9		 i
|
3
8
9		 3
9
2		 ii
|
3
8
9		 4
5
8		 a
|
4
5
9		 b
|
4
5
9		 4
5
5		 4
5
4		 4
4
7		 4
3
7		 4
4
8		 4
4
9		 a
|
4
6
4		 b
|
4
6
4		 c
|
4
6
4		 d
|
4
6
4		 4
6
0		 H4
|
G
A
T
A		 IIa
|
Y
C
A		 IIb
|
Y
C
A		 4
5
6		 6
0
7		 5
7
6		 5
7
0		 a
|
C
D
Y		 b
|
C
D
Y		 4
4
2		 4
3
8		 5
3
1		 5
7
8		 a
|
S1
3
9
5		 b
|
S1
3
9
5		 5
9
0		 5
3
7		 6
4
1		 4
7
2		 S1
4
0
6		 5
1
1		 4
2
5		 a
|
4
1
3		 b
|
4
1
3		 5
5
7		 5
9
4		 4
3
6		 4
9
0		 5
3
4		 4
5
0		 4
4
4		 4
8
1		 5
2
0		 4
4
6		 6
1
7		 5
6
8		 4
8
7		 5
7
2		 6
4
0		 4
9
2		 5
6
5
Security G2a Modals TQYVN     22 15 10     11     12 11       9 11 11   16     12     14   11   20 15             10                                                             As per Carl-Johan Swärdenheim, Administrator of the Scandinavian Y-DNA Project at FTDNA.
               
MORTENSEN 66615 QVSBP M201+ 15 22 15 10 12 15 11 12 11 12 11 30 16 9 10 11 11 23 16 22 29 12 13 14 14 11 10 19 20 16 14 15 18 33 36 11 10                                                             Pvt [awaiting rest of  lineage] Morten Johansen3, Johan Henrichsen2, Henrich1 of Knubbeløkke, Kappel Sogn, Lollands Sønder Herred, Maribo Amt, DK
This individual has a rare haplotype, with no matches (not even near matches) at any level in either the FTDNA or Ysearch databases (at least as of Aug 2008).  A backbone SNP test (M201+) proves he is Haplogroup G, and he is deduced to be G2a, though he does not resemble any of the regional G2a modal subclades well enough to be placed in any of them.  
   
Deme 2
Surname Kit # Ysearch
User ID
SNP
Tests		 Haplotype — as determined by STR testing Known Lineage
Markers 1-12 Markers 13-25 Markers 26-37 Markers 38-67
3
9
3		 3
9
0
19
/
3
9
4		 3
9
1		 a
|
3
8
5		 b
|
3
8
5		 4
2
6		 3
8
8		 4
3
9		 i
|
3
8
9		 3
9
2		 ii
|
3
8
9		 4
5
8		 a
|
4
5
9		 b
|
4
5
9		 4
5
5		 4
5
4		 4
4
7		 4
3
7		 4
4
8		 4
4
9		 a
|
4
6
4		 b
|
4
6
4		 c
|
4
6
4		 d
|
4
6
4		 4
6
0		 H4
|
G
A
T
A		 IIa
|
Y
C
A		 IIb
|
Y
C
A		 4
5
6		 6
0
7		 5
7
6		 5
7
0		 a
|
C
D
Y		 b
|
C
D
Y		 4
4
2		 4
3
8		 5
3
1		 5
7
8		 a
|
S1
3
9
5		 b
|
S1
3
9
5		 5
9
0		 5
3
7		 6
4
1		 4
7
2		 S1
4
0
6		 5
1
1		 4
2
5		 a
|
4
1
3		 b
|
4
1
3		 5
5
7		 5
9
4		 4
3
6		 4
9
0		 5
3
4		 4
5
0		 4
4
4		 4
8
1		 5
2
0		 4
4
6		 6
1
7		 5
6
8		 4
8
7		 5
7
2		 6
4
0		 4
9
2		 5
6
5
Security G2a Modals TQYVN     22 15 10     11     12 11       9 11 11   16     12     14   11   20 15             10                                                             As per Carl-Johan Swärdenheim, Administrator of the Scandinavian Y-DNA Project at FTDNA.
               
JENSEN N54795 PRKGG   14 22 15 10 14 16 11 12 11 12 11 30 17 9 9 11 11 23 16 21 29 11 13 13 14 11 11 20 21 16 14 16 17 35 37 12 10 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 12 9 14 22 22 15 10 12 12 16 8 13 23 22 16 13 9 13 10 11 11 11 Pvt [awaiting lineage] Jens Nielsen1 — of Odense Amt, DK
This individual has a rare haplotype, with just one 12/12 match in the FTDNA database and no full matches in the Ysearch database; his haplotype is unique at 25 or more markers.  Like the G2a individual above, he only just matches the Security modal haplotype well enough to be considered G2a and does not resemble any of the regional variations well enough to be considered typical of one of them. 
   
Deme 3
Surname Kit # Ysearch
User ID
SNP
Tests		 Haplotype — as determined by STR testing Known Lineage
Markers 1-12 Markers 13-25 Markers 26-37 Markers 38-67
3
9
3		 3
9
0
19
/
3
9
4		 3
9
1		 a
|
3
8
5		 b
|
3
8
5		 4
2
6		 3
8
8		 4
3
9		 i
|
3
8
9		 3
9
2		 ii
|
3
8
9		 4
5
8		 a
|
4
5
9		 b
|
4
5
9		 4
5
5		 4
5
4		 4
4
7		 4
3
7		 4
4
8		 4
4
9		 a
|
4
6
4		 b
|
4
6
4		 c
|
4
6
4		 d
|
4
6
4		 4
6
0		 H4
|
G
A
T
A		 IIa
|
Y
C
A		 IIb
|
Y
C
A		 4
5
6		 6
0
7		 5
7
6		 5
7
0		 a
|
C
D
Y		 b
|
C
D
Y		 4
4
2		 4
3
8		 5
3
1		 5
7
8		 a
|
S1
3
9
5		 b
|
S1
3
9
5		 5
9
0		 5
3
7		 6
4
1		 4
7
2		 S1
4
0
6		 5
1
1		 4
2
5		 a
|
4
1
3		 b
|
4
1
3		 5
5
7		 5
9
4		 4
3
6		 4
9
0		 5
3
4		 4
5
0		 4
4
4		 4
8
1		 5
2
0		 4
4
6		 6
1
7		 5
6
8		 4
8
7		 5
7
2		 6
4
0		 4
9
2		 5
6
5
Security G2a Modals TQYVN     22 15 10     11     12 11       9 11 11   16     12     14   11   20 15             10                                                             As per Carl-Johan Swärdenheim, Administrator of the Scandinavian Y-DNA Project at FTDNA.
               
MacLAUGHLAN / PETERSEN 116182 824ZU Deep 13 22 15 10 14 14 11 13 11 12 11 29 17 9 9 11 11 23 16 21 31 12 13 13 13 10 11 20 20 16 13 17 18 35 38 11 10 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 11 11 14 21 22 14 11 12 12 14 8 12 22 22 17 12 11 13 10 11 11 12 Pvt
This individual has a few dozen 12/12 matches and a handful of 23/25 matches in the FTDNA database, but he has no near or full matches at 37 (or 67) markers at FTDNA or Ysearch.  His closest match to any of the regional modal haplotypes is a genetic distance of 9 at 37 markers, so, like the above two individuals, he cannot be fit into one of these regional modals.  
Our subject has been deep SNP tested with these results:
M201+ P15+ P16- M286-
The positive test for M201 proves he is Haplogroup G, and the positive test for P15 proves he is G2a.  The negative test for P16 proves he is not G2a1, and the negative test for M286 proves he is not G2a2. 
   

What constitutes a match?
For 12 markers:  8 or less is a non-relative; 9-10 means only a small chance of a relationship; 11-12 means a possible relationship.
For 25 markers:  20 or less is a non-relative; 21-22 means only a small chance of a relationship; 23-25 means a possible relationship.
For 37 markers:  30 or less is a non-relative; 31-37, please see this Chart compiled by FTDNA.
For 67 markers:  55 or less is a non-relative; 58-67, please see this Chart compiled by FTDNA.
For any test:  0 matching markers, please contact NASA.
 
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