Pending Tests below.
The Lineages and Results for the different haplogroups are
on separate pages.
Individuals
in different haplogroups have no possibility of being closely related,
so there is no point in keeping them together on the same page. |
| Logically, haplotypes (based on STR [short tandem repeat] testing) should correlate with haplogroups (based on SNP [single nucleotide polymorphism] testing), and they do. The correlation between haplotypes and haplogroups allows one to deduce the haplogroup from the haplotype, without the added expense of SNP testing. In the results tables, haplogroup designations without a corresponding SNP test are deductions based on the haplotype. For common haplotypes, the haplogroup deductions are usually correct; for questionable haplotypes, the deductions can be wrong. In these cases, FTDNA, as part of its "Haplogroup Assurance" policy, will conduct a "backbone" SNP test, free of charge, to securely determine the basic haplogroup.
The "modal" haplotypes for the haplogroup subclades given in the tables are just that (i.e., the most common pattern for the subclade); there are variations from the modal pattern, and variations at non-defining markers do not necessarily rule out membership in the subclade. For
a broad summary of haplogroups, please see this Chart compiled by FTDNA.
|
| In the lineages, given names and patronymics are in Initial Caps; surnames
are in ALL-CAPS. The surname is given only the first time it appears
or when it makes a stable change to an alternate spelling (e.g.,
as from a Danish to a German or Anglicized spelling).
Viewing Tip: hold your cursor over a name in the
lineage. The full names of the husband and his spouse(s) will appear
in the Status Bar of your browser. |
| Individuals tested for the National Geographic Society's Genographic
Project are, in fact, tested with Family Tree DNA, so sharing results
between that project and this one is straightforward and easily accomplished
(in either direction) from the test subject's member page — and your project
admin encourages you to join both. |
| SNP is treated, both in speech and in writing, as a word,
"snip," not spelled out "S-N-P." Hg is an abbreviation for Haplogroup. |
|